In this paper, the effect of time synchronization error on protection algorithms are studied\nfor the usage of the LAN-based collaborative protection. In order to derive the effect of time\nsynchronization, this paper proposes a substation model which is constructed with IEEE 1588\nPrecision Time Protocol (PTP) supported intelligent electronic devices. The proposed model is used\nas an example of a target platform to study the effect of time synchronization error with two typical\nsubstation protection algorithms, i.e., current differential-based substation protection and distance\nprotection algorithms. From the analyzed and the simulated results, it was well observed that time\nsynchronization error is a significant error-causing factor for both protection algorithms, resulting in\nerroneous detection of faults and erroneous estimation of fault distances, respectively. The results of\nresearch performed in this paper are expected to provide a good guide for constructing the future\nLAN-based digital power substation with precise time synchronization.
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